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No longer recruiting (closed or complete)Last updated: 27 October 2025

BRCA-P: This trial is studying the effect of a drug called Denosumab, compared to placebo, at preventing breast cancer in women with a BRCA1 germline mutationBRCA-P: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center, International Phase 3 Study to Determine the Preventive Effect of Denosumab on Breast Cancer in Women Carrying a BRCA1 Germline Mutation

Trial purpose

Medical clipboardCancer prevention

Tumor type

Breast Cancers Breast

Age

People25 - 55

Trial acronym

BRCA-P

Clinical summary

Summary

This clinical trial is designed for women who carry a BRCA1 gene mutation, which significantly increases the risk of developing breast cancer. The study is investigating whether a medication called denosumab can help prevent breast cancer in these women.

What is Denosumab?

Denosumab is a medication already used to:

  • Treat bone loss and prevent fractures.
  • Help cancer patients whose disease has spread to the bones.

Recent research suggests denosumab might also help lower the risk of breast cancer in women with a BRCA1 mutation.

How the Study Works

Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups:

  • Group A receives denosumab as an injection under the skin every 6 months for up to 5 years.
  • Group B receives a placebo (a look-alike injection with no active medication) on the same schedule.

Neither participants nor doctors know which group each person is in—this helps ensure the results are unbiased.

Follow-Up

After the treatment period, participants will be followed for another 5 years with yearly check-ins to monitor their health.

Why This Matters

 

Women with a BRCA1 mutation often face difficult decisions about preventive surgeries. If denosumab proves effective, it could offer a non-surgical option to reduce breast cancer risk.

Conditions

This trial is treating people with a BRCA 1 germline mutation with no evidence of breast cancer

Eligibility

Inclusion

  • Women with a confirmed deleterious or likely deleterious BRCA 1 germline mutation (variant class 4 or 5)
  • Age >= 25 years and =< 55 years at randomization
  • No evidence of breast cancer by MRI or mammography (MG) and clinical breast examination within the last 6 months prior to randomization
  • No clinical evidence of ovarian cancer at randomization
  • Negative pregnancy test at randomization for women of childbearing potential
  • No preventive breast surgery planned at time of randomization
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1
  • Written informed consent before any study-specific procedure is performed

Exclusion

  • Prior bilateral mastectomy
  • History of ovarian cancer (including fallopian and peritoneal cancer)
  • History of breast cancer
  • History of invasive cancer except for basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, stage 1 papillary or follicular thyroid cancer, atypical hyperplasia or LCIS (lobular carcinoma in situ)
  • Pregnant or lactating women (within the last 2 months prior to randomization)
  • Unwillingness to use highly effective contraception method during and within at least 5 months after cessation of denosumab/placebo therapy in women of childbearing potential. (Note: Women of childbearing potential should be monitored for pregnancy prior to each denosumab/placebo injection)
  • Clinically relevant hypocalcemia (history and current condition), or serum calcium < 2.0 mmol/L (< 8.0 mg/dL)

    * Hypocalcemia defined by calcium below the normal range (a single value below the normal range does not necessarily constitute hypocalcemia, but should be 'corrected' before dosing the subject). Monitoring of calcium level in regular intervals (usually prior to investigational product [IP] administration) is highly recommended

  • Tamoxifen, raloxifene or aromatase inhibitor use during the last 3 months prior to randomization or for a duration of more than 3 years in total (current and prior hormone replacement therapy [HRT] is permitted)
  • Prior use of denosumab
  • Subject has a known prior history or current evidence of osteonecrosis or osteomyelitis of the jaw, or an active dental/jaw condition which requires oral surgery including tooth extraction within 3 months of enrollment
  • Concurrent treatment with a bisphosphonate or an anti-angiogenic agent
  • Any major medical or psychiatric condition that may prevent the subject from completing the study
  • Known active infection with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus
  • Known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • Use of any other investigational product (current or prior aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] are permitted)

Inclusion

  • You have the type of cancer, symptoms, or health risks that this clinical trial is focused on.

Exclusion

  • You have been diagnosed with a prior or secondary type of cancer.
  • You have certain types of non-cancer medical conditions.
  • You have had certain treatments, surgical procedures or drugs.
Message

Clinical trials have complex eligibility criteria, and other criteria may apply for this trial. Ask your doctor about whether this trial could be right for you.

Participating hospitals

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More information

Trial Identifiers

Information on this page is partially produced from ClinicalTrials.gov *. View further details about this trial on the registry via the links below:

  • NCT04711109 *
  • A211801; NCI-2020-11358; UG1CA189823; 2017-002505-35; ABCSG 50

Trial sponsor

Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology

Scientific Title

BRCA-P: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center, International Phase 3 Study to Determine the Preventive Effect of Denosumab on Breast Cancer in Women Carrying a BRCA1 Germline Mutation

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